The criteria for resilience in cities can be useful indicators when it comes to monitoring and increasing biodiversity. In a short inteview at the UN University researcher Thomas Elmqvist of the Stockholm Resilience Centre names 4 criteria as crucial characteristics:

Diversity
General criterium on all levels; species, forms of management, population etc
Connectivity
Where and on what scale connections can be made
Modularity
Size of the modules, grain or elements within a city, preferribly more and smaller modules
Redundancy
Overlap, doubling, fading in species if other fades out, to preserve continuity of diversity

Elkqvist is professor in Natural Resource Management at Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University and theme leader urban social-ecological systems and globalization has led the Cities and Biodiversity project.